Gender Inequality Within The United States - 1701 Words

Gender has had a repeating effect on the choice of careers for people all throughout the United States. In history, it is taught that males dominated women in many careers, while women dominated males in only a few other minor positions. Males had an upper hand over women in engineering and in the military. One of the reasons males dominated was the idea of dominance over women has been passed down for centuries. It was never common for a women to be an engineer of a home or anything that wasn’t meant for women. Women only dominated in certain areas in the medical field because they were subjected to few positions. In the military, women were put down due their physical ability and laws set blocked many careers and positions in the military. Throughout history women have fought many laws to break gender inequality. And even up to now there are still some laws that prohibit women from doing specific jobs in their desired field. When you think about what types of careers are in the medical field, people tend to be prejudice and put certain genders in each career. Usually what comes to mind, women are known more commonly to be nurses and men are known to be doctors. Because of this gender stereotype, men and women are more likely to choose a career where the majority of their gender is placed. Women and men should not choose their career based on gender stereotypes because there would be a lot more diversity in the medical field, then society would change theirShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality Within The United States1531 Words   |  7 Pageswe can see there is a trend implicates that the gender roles are slowly starting to change but the gender stereotype still have stayed firmly over the years in North America even though people are now more aware of the problem of gender inequality. In North America, gender roles between women and men are now being shared more equally in workspace due to the femini sm movements and higher literacy level of women, but there are still gender inequality existing in our society. Feminism movements haveRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1410 Words   |  6 PagesEquality Among Gender Both within and across different cultures we find great consistency in standards of desirable gender-role behavior. Males are expected to be independent, assertive, and competitive; females are expected to be more passive, sensitive, and supportive. These beliefs have changed over the past twenty years within the United States and apparently around the world as well. Therefore, modern society has been trying for the past decade to eliminate all of these stereotypes and doubleRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1686 Words   |  7 PagesThere have been many advances in society, especially for women despite these advancements, there continues to be inequalities in sexual â€Å"equality† .Why does a wage difference exists between men and women? Are employers being sexist? Sexism has been a problem since the beginning of mankind. Women have struggled to achieve equality with men. The male dominated culture has led the female gender to become the â€Å"weaker sexà ¢â‚¬ . This discrimination, of course, based on the stereotype that women should be stayRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1879 Words   |  8 Pagesand colonization has evolved, gender in the United States has been constructed in a manner that is unknown in other countries. Our society has made different stereotypes for certain sexes. It is socially impossible to not make a collation between sex and gender in the United States. Women are viewed the same in the professional world and in the home life perspective. All roles played by women are considered to be inadequate or insignificant compared to men. Gender characteristics, such as masculinityRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States2702 Words   |  11 PagesGender Inequality In the United States there are many human equal rights for women but they are insufficient to create equality. Despite of many equality rules gender inequality still exists and that’s the fact. In history women were not allowed to study or work. In modern world women are achieving education goals and also working. Does that mean women are getting equal treatments? The answer is no, women are not treated as equally as men. The graduation rates for women are higher then men, butRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States Of The English Department Of Ku.881 Words   |  4 PagesIn today s society we have gender inequality without us even knowing we are doing it, because it is how we are all raised. From when a lot of us were younger we have seen everyone else â€Å" doing gender† so we have picked up on it.By doing gender we create different levels that men and women are put on. These levels are not natural they are man made. The culture we are raised in assigns and creates for us the different attributes and behaviors. Since we are aware of the expectations that are held overRead MoreInequality Between Men And Women1315 Words   |  6 Pages Inequality between Men and Women Trisha Stafford American Public University System Mrs. Decter Table of Contents Introduction 3 Defining â€Å"Social Problem† 3 Explaining Sociological Viewpoint 3 Chosen Social Problem Introduction 3 Thesis 3 Defining Sexism 3 Why is it a social problem? 3-4 Statistics 4 Identifying and Defining Four Concepts Related to Sexism 4-5 How is this problem being addressed? 5 Conclusion 6 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreThroughout Centuries Gender Has Been A Social Construct1363 Words   |  6 Pages Throughout centuries gender has been a social construct that enforces gender norms and as a result, gender inequality was born. Gender inequality has prevailed and can be observed throughout most cultures, education, labor force, and in our own personal lives. At a very young age we are introduced to a gender identity based upon the sex we were born with. Girls are associated with the color pink, dolls, nurturing tendencies, and inclined to be more emotional. While boys are associated with theRead MoreRacial Inequality797 Words   |  4 PagesRacial inequality is regrettably imbedded in the history of the United States. Americans like to think of the American colonies as the start or founding of the quest for freedom, initially, the ending of religious oppression and later political and economic liberty. Yet, from the start, the fabric of American society was equally founded on brutal forms of supremacy, inequality and oppression which involved the absolute denial of freedom for slaves. This is one of the great paradoxes of American historyRead MoreGender Inequality : A Good Understanding Of The Social Inequality Essay1487 Words   |  6 PagesAs a female college student I feel the necessity to have a good understanding of the social in equalities around me. Although, women have socially grown with more power over the years, it is not enough to equalize with the men. For example, the pay gap difference between men and women for not having the â€Å"testosterone bonus† even though the same education and qualifications are present. I hope that over time I will be able to experience a change and have the same equal rights as men because I feel

Use of Rhetorical Appeals in Julius Caesar Brutus vs Antony

In Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, Brutus and Antony attempt to persuade the audience of their position on the death of Caesar. While Brutus explains that his death was necessary, Antony claims that Caesar was not deserving of his demise. However, though Brutus does have ample credibility and taps into the emotional link with his audience to some extent, he does not convey as powerful of an argument as Antony, as he fails to provide sufficient factual evidence. Antony, on the other hand, utilizes logical argumentation with solid evidence, creates an emotional connection with his audience, and maintains credibility in order to support his own argument. Through this, it can be seen that Antony’s use of rhetorical appeals and devices is superior†¦show more content†¦Additionally, Brutus presents a series of rhetorical questions that have no grounds to persuade the audience. He asks, â€Å"Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman?† Here he makes it clear t hat one who does not understand the reason behind Caesar’s necessary death should not be considered a Roman. But, the audience, once again, does not have reason to acknowledge this statement as Brutus does not have sufficient evidence that the murder was, in fact, a necessity. Contrastingly, Antony creates a strong argument by augmenting his credibility and using logical evidence. To make himself more believable, he concedes, â€Å"But yesterday the word of Caesar might Have stood against the world.† By acknowledging that Caesar may have done a little wrong, the audience realizes that Antony has considered both sides of the argument. He elaborates on the noble accomplishments of Julius Caesar, saying, â€Å"He hath brought many captives home to Rome, Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill.† By pointing out emphasizing the good that Caesar did, he defies the motives behind his murder. Antony also utilizes rhetorical devices, not only to support his own argument, but to passively challenge Brutus’s. Like Brutus, he uses rhetorical questions such as, â€Å"What cause withholds you then to mourn for him (Caesar)?† This gives the audience a chance to ponder the injustice of Caesar’s murder and realize that he was noble and undeserving of it. Antony also usesShow MoreRelatedMarcus Brutus Vs Mark Antony s Funeral Speech Essay1135 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish II / 4th Block October 27, 2015 Marcus Brutus’ vs. Mark Antony’s Funeral Speech At the funeral of Julius Caesar two characters make speeches to the plebeian mob, Brutus and Marc Antony. Shakespeare shows us the personalities of the two orators and gives one an advantage over the other. Marc Antony has an advantage over Brutus because he speaks after Brutus and he has Caesar’s body. He also interrupts Brutus’ speech. He uses a range of rhetorical devices to manipulate the crowd. Both charactersRead MoreRhetoric and Betrayal in Julius Caeser Play1486 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s famous play Julius Caesar utilizes the literary element of rhetoric multiple times throughout to show the true power that words can hold. The rhetoric in Caesar accompanies the play’s themes of betrayal, deception, and exaggeration. Brutus uses rhetoric to persuade the crowd of plebeians that the murdering of Caesar was positive and beneficial to all of Rome, winning their support and causing them to join his cause. Soon after, Mark Antony gives a terrifically-persuasive speechRead More Brutus vs Antony Essay1064 Words   |  5 PagesBrutus vs Antony The most predominate and important aspect In the play Julius Caesar, by William Shakespeare are the speeches given to the Roman citizens by Brutus and Antony, the two main charaters, following the death of Caesar. Brutus and Antony both spoke to the crowd,using the same rhetorical devices to express their thoughts. Both speakers used the three classical appeals employed in the speeches: ethos, which is an appeal to credibility; pathos, which is an appeal to the emotion

Macroeconomic Stabilisation Theory and Policy Free Essays

string(123) " market function implies that the level of market wage rate is determined by the scope of labour supply and labour demand\." The level of economic stability in any economy depends on both macro and microeconomic variables. Within the scope of the macroeconomic tools various, markets are deemed to be influential. These include the money market, the goods/commodity market, the labour market, capital and also foreign market. We will write a custom essay sample on Macroeconomic Stabilisation Theory and Policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now For stabilisation purpose, all the markets should be at equilibrium both in the supply and demand sides. The labour market remains a fundamental market that models the nature and status  Ã‚   of economic stability. Labour market is the general portfolio within the market which figures the broad scope of the demand and the supply of labour. Within the economy, labour interacts with the firms to provide the relevant implication to each other. Labour within the economy is provided by the households. It is paid in terms of wages and other remunerations. Either, the firms produces consumption goods and also services for use by the household. Consequently, stability in the labour market provides a stake in defining the levels of economic functionality. This is basically through shaping the nature and scope of unemployment which is a macroeconomic variable. Unemployment is also determined by the existing levels of equilibrium between labour demand and supply. Economically, the aggregate labour market is cleared at the economic disposition when the level of labour demand and supply are deemed equal.   Broadly, the aspect of the demand and the supply of labour for such market clearing are defined in terms of the market level of wages. Wage is the price levied for the supply and demand of labour. From the two sides, the household is deemed to be the supplying component of the labour service while the firms are the demand function of labour. The aspect of market clearing therefore tries to establish the most functional level of wage rate which makes both the demand and supply of labour equal within the labour market. Therefore, the household and firms seldom rely on the levels of the market wage rate as benchmarks for support with which the labour substitution can be made. (Ron, Philip, 2002, p.90) The basic concept is however the determination of the most adequate levels of market wage rates which creates market clearing. For stability purpose, the level of labour supply and labour demand should always be at equilibrium. This wage rate is called market clearing wage   rate which is used by the hidden   hand of the market for clearing   the excess levels and also deficits in the demand and supply of labour. Market clearing in labour market is described by the concept of the basic economic law of the labour demand and supply.   This law states that, with all other factors being at a constant, the increase in wage rate leads to an increase in labour supply by the household in the short run. However, a decrease in wage rate brings a  Ã‚   disincentive for labour supply by the household which ultimately leads to lower levels of labour supply. The feasibility in the levels of labour supply and demand is fundamental in relating the existing relationship between employment and unemployment as a key factor in defining the stability scope of the economy. A low level of unemployment is important in describing the level with which the economy stabilises. Generally, the market clearing intercept in the labour market is provided by the equilibrium functionality between the labour supply and the demand. This is to mean that, the exact level of labour force supplied by the household is exactly equal with what is needed by the firms   within the economy. The functional aspect of wages determines the basic scope with which efficiency can be explained in the labour market. The basic levels of inequality between the supply and demand of such labour is what brings the idea of inefficiencies allied to unemployment. (Michael, 2002, p. 103) Economically in the commodity market, firms are the suppliers of services and goods to the household (consumers). However, in the labour market, these firms seldom becomes the consumers of the labour force. The need for labour force by the firms is for   making various   scope of products. The demand for labour in the different firm functions is dependent on the level of wages in the labour market. The clearing state for labour is determined by the related cost of the same which determines the related level of supply and demand. Consequently, the cost of labour in the market is what yields market wage rate. The level of supply and demand for labour is therefore a function of the wage rate. The desire by the firms in purchasing labour at the existing levels of market wage rates goes up to the point where both the wage rate and the marginal revenue product are equal. The marginal revenue product of labour would thus signify the level with which an additional unit of labour would generate to the firm’s revenue. Equilibrium levels in the labour market is what provides the market labour clearance. The equilibrium level of market labour is arrived  Ã‚   at when the aggregate levels of both demand and supply are equal. Generally, aggregate labour supply denotes the sum total of all the labour supplying units/ personnel in the market. Elsewhere, aggregate demand is what is captured by the sum total of all labour demand units by the firms in the market. For equilibrium, both the levels in supply and demand should equate one another. Equilibrium is denoted by the interception capacity of the labour demand and supply curves. (Gilles, 2000, p.87) The clearing tool in the labour market is operational within two scopes. The market could be unrestricted where the supply and demand levels are freely volatile to be determined by the basic circumstances in the market. Elsewhere, the market could be restricted to certain level of wage rate which therefore helps to control the wage rate from going below or above the specific levels of wage rate. The unrestricted market function implies that the level of market wage rate is determined by the scope of labour supply and labour demand. You read "Macroeconomic Stabilisation Theory and Policy" in category "Essay examples" This is through the use of the basic law of demand and supply of labour by household and firms. When the wage rate is high, the level of labour supply is also high. However, when the wage rate is low, the supply of the wages is also low. With wages being restricted, the labour supply and demand is restricted by both wage ceilings and wage floors. Wage ceiling implies the highest level of wages which should not be surpassed above (it is made to protect the firms from   exploitation by the labour suppliers). Elsewhere, price floor is the lowest level of wage rate which should not be paid below it.   This is made to protect the labour suppliers from the basic exploitation by the firms through very low wage set up. The stability in the labour market plays an important role in the general commodity market, where the supply and demand for goods is depended on the price level within the market. (Andres, 1988, p.78) Generally, the level of consumption (both goods and services within the market is determined by the level of the income held by the households). Ideally, the same income is gotten through the sale of their labour services to the firms. Either, the supply of such goods and services by the firms is determined by many factors   which include the level   of labour   which is a basic   factor of production. Consequently, equilibrium in the labour market is a passive tool for providing   support   for a strongly functional   commodity market.   Through the sale of their labour services, the households get money which they use in purchasing their consumption requirements from the firms. Elsewhere, firms use the labour force from the workers to produce goods and services for use by the households. Therefore, the equilibrium state between the aggregate labour demand and aggregate labour supply is arrived at, at the point of intersection between both curves. Such an intersection point is important in claiming the level of the equilibrium level of wage rate as well as determining the level of economic state of employment. Within the competitive market   (unrestricted), the profitability level of the firms is determined by the level with which such firms hires labour until it reaches the level of equality between marginal cost of labour and marginal revenue product   of labour . (Ben, 1998, p.46) Conventionally therefore, market   clearing in the labour   markets is achieved by the   condition when   the level   of quantity demanded is equal to the quantity supplied. This is important in safeguarding against any form of shortages or even surplus quantities in the market. The stability status of the labour market provides an adequate status for safeguarding the level and implication of the rates of unemployment   in the economy. Generally, macroeconomic conception dictates that high labour supply than its demand produces labour surplus in the labour market. This is a basic indication towards a higher rate of unemployment within the economy. Elsewhere, high demand for labour than its supply causes labour deficits. This substantially causes an increasingly high level of unemployment. Altogether, a stable state between both labour demand and   supply   remains   fundamental   indication   in furnishing   the basic threshold   that determines   the scope of   unemployment . As a broad   macroeconomic variable, the speculation towards   reducing   the general   impact   in unemployment also captures stability   in other operating p[parameters between   the labour market. Generally therefore, stability in the   labour market provides   a ground work condition for its market clearing where the general demand supply are adequately at equilibrium. As a rule for such market clearing its fundamentals are basically projected by the capacity with which the market demand and supply of labour   would fundamentally yield substantially a stable position which limits the impacts of a high levels   of unemployment in the market. (Frank, 2006, pp.84) The support for market clearing in labour   market is expanded by the   Keynesian neoclassical model on a labour . He proposed that equality between aggregate supply and aggregate demand for labour would act to provide a groundwork favourable environment towards low states of unemployment. At the equilibrium level is the equilibrium amount of wage rate which helps to provide a high standard for rationality in reducing the level of unemployment. The equilibrium level of wage rate acts as a supportive tool for the implementation protocol where the level of supply is deemed rationally compatible with the theoretical wage levels. Elsewhere, the levels of demand would also be equal to the level of wages. As a rule therefore, the level of equilibrium within the labour market plays a fundamental attribute in a rationalising for a stable state of commodity market. (Frank, 2006, pp.98)   Also, since the labour market is one of the economic markets, its stability also provides a condition for a   strong defence towards a stable   state   of economy   where labour deficits   and surpluses would not be available hence a strong sense in the economic stability. Generally therefore, the basic concept behind labour market clearing is the basic threshold with which the level of quantities of labour supplied is equal with what is demanded. This provides a substantial position for strengthening the level of economic stability within the general economy. As an important macroeconomic tool, a stable state of employment within the economy is provided by the degree of compatibility between the labour market. High levels of unemployment cause instability in other facets of economic growth where low levels of consumption is deemed the basic implication of high unemployment. Therefore, great importance should be attached in the state of the relationship between the demand and supply of labour for a greater scope of economic functionality. Bibliography Andres, D. (1988) Real Wages and Employment: Keynes, Monetarism, and the Labor Market. London, Routledge, pp.78 Ben, F. (1998) Labor Market Theory: A Constructive Reassessment. London, Routledge,pp.46 Frank, M. (2006) Towards Labor Market Liberalisation. London Routledge, pp. 84,98 Gilles, S. (2000) The Political Economy of Labor Market Institutions. Oxford, Oxford University Press, pp.87 Michael, H. (2002) Labor Market Planning Revisited. Palgrave, Macmillan, pp.103 Ron, M Philip, M. (2002) Geographies of Labor Market Inequality. London, How to cite Macroeconomic Stabilisation Theory and Policy, Essay examples

Process Of Individual In Reacting To Loss †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Process Of Individual In Reacting To Loss? Answer: Introducation Grief can be defined as the normal process of an individual in reacting to loss. Often different people cope with loss of their loved ones in different ways and therefore researchers state that there is no particular process of coping with death. The way how an individual grieves depend entirely on the individuals cultural as well as religious background, mental history, support systems, coping skills as well as his or her social as well as financial status (Parkes Prigerson, 2013). Grief responses may develop as a result of both physical losses like in the loss due to death of a near and dear one or may be due to symbolic as well as social losses such as in the case of divorce, loss of job and many others. Each of the loss signifies that some valuable part of their life is taken away from them. This can be discussed with the help of an example. A family which has someone suffering from cancer may experience loss which in turn triggers the grief reactions. Grief can be experienced b y individuals in different forms like that of mental reaction or physical reaction (Hagman, 2016). It also involves physical, social as well as emotional reaction. Mental reactions occurring as a result of grief mainly results of different symptoms include sadness, despair, guilt as well as anxiety and anger. On the other hand, physical reactions mainly depend on the alterations in the patterns of sleep, illness of different types, physical problems and also changes in appetite. Social reactions resulting from development of grief in an individual mainly results in developing of feelings which include social exclusion, feeling of loneliness amongst friends and family members, loss of will to work and go to jobs, schools and others. Bereavement may be defined as the period after the loss during which the individuals experiences grief and the different symptoms of ill effects occur in physical, mental as well as social lives (Madrell, 2016). The time spent in the period of the bereavement depends entirely on the intensity of the attachment that the individual had with the person who died along with the fact that how much time was spent by him to anticipate the loss. Mourning may be defined as the process which people mainly undertake to adapt to the loss. Researchers have suggested that mourning is mainly influenced by the cultural customs as well as rituals and society rules which modify the coping mechanism of losses (Sidaway, 2016). An interesting discussion can be set in the scenario which would help to know the various faces of the grief and how different experiences can be gathered by an individual along with the feeling of grief. All types of grief are not alike and they may provide different types of reactions. When an individual loses a very near and dear person in his life, a deep pain will develop. He would be hurt extensively as this type of loss reflects the immense role played by the demised person in the latters life and creation of the huge hole left by the demised persons absence. Another type of pain upon death may develop due to a loss of loved person which will mainly be the pain of an opportunity which is now lost forever (Milman, Neimayer Gillies, 2015). The individuals may feel at loss due to the unspoken words as well as the promised undone deeds for the lost person. This loss of opportunity results in a different type of grief in the individual. Many researchers also state that pain is not always the predominant emotion in grief. It has been noted in many cases, that when a near and dear one dies after a long period of suffering, it also may result in grief within the individual but he or she may also be thankful that ultimately the suffering of the patient has ended and he is no more at pain (Hall, 2014). Many researchers state that loss might not always be associated with intense grief and the personality of the individual may become one important factor to control the development of grief. Many take in the fact that death may come at the right time and therefore tears may be inappropriate response to death. When the individual feels that the deceased individual had lived life completely, fully and honestly, grief may be associated with a brink of smile (Spuij, Dekovic Boolean, 2015). William Worden had proposed four important tasks of grieving in his famous book called the Grief Counseling as well as Grief therapy. According to the author, every individual who had faced loss should go through 4 important tasks in order to accomplish the process of mourning. This model is flexible where the individual can adapt it to describe the different independent situation. These tasks of the model also encourage the model to develop an active approach to the entire procedure of their grieving. The first task that has been proposed by the author is to accept the reality of the loss. It has been seen that in many cases, even after the death of a particular loved member, it is seen that many individuals cannot accept the fact of his death and often consider that the depth has not taken place as they cannot accept the reality (Ayers et al., 2014). The fast task of a griever would be to face the reality about the loved member being dead. He have to accept the fact that the member have gone and would never return back which implies that reunion can never be possible with the deceased person. A person may be exposed to a prolong process of grief when the individual denies the fact of the loss as well as the meaning of the meaning of the loss (Smit, 2015). The feeling of irreversibility of the loss will add to the pain that the individual is going through. Although denial or hope for the reunion is normal immediately after the loss, it may lead to severed situation and therefore t he individual should accept the reality of the situation and prepare the mind accordingly. The next step is experiencing the pain of the grief after the loss. A large number of grievers are often noticed by the researchers to avoid the painful feelings by taking up a number of strategies such as being strong, moving away, keeping one self busy with different tasks also avoiding painful thoughts. This task states that the grievers should not take extra initiative to avoid such pain (Stroebe Schutt, 2016). He or she should go through natural procedures so that they he or she can experience as well as express the feelings. The patient should recall and relate both pleasant and unpleasant memories of the deceased patient and allow themselves to experience anger, anxiety, loneliness, guilt, depression and similar others. The grievers should maintain transparency form their family members and social circle expressing their need and utilities because often people may misunderstand the needs of the grieving. The grievers should know that the memory of the loved one will continue but the pain related with it will lessen in time and ultimately disappear (Domingo et al., 2016). The third task of the model would be to adjust with an environment with the feeling of the missing of the deceased. Often this step is perceived by different grievers in different ways depending upon the relationship that they used to share with the departed soul. They should take imitative which would help them to adjust with the present situation and alter the lifestyles, principle or others which would help them to adjust with the occurrences (Wilson, 2013). This could be explained with the help of an example. A person who is widowed may fear or even show resentment in developing new skills to suit with the newly occurred change in conditions of the lives o to take the roles which were previously followed by the departed persons. Often such grievers may need help and advice to be in order to suit with the new chances surrounding but the griever should take pride in the being able to be master such challenges by overcoming different barriers (Larson et al., 2014) .All these may cau se tremendous pain in the individuals as it may make them remember their partners but all these are necessary to experience. If such a task is not completed fully, the grievers may remain blocked within the grief process and will not be able to resolve their losses. The last step would be to withdraw the emotional energy and thereby reinvest the same emotional energy into other important relationship in order to continue a productive life. This does not necessarily mean that the griever has to find new replacement of the deceased member by finding new spouse, surrogate mother and others. By this stage, the griever should re-enter a new stream of life without the presence of the deceased individual. The griever in this task should build new as well as changed activities as well as relationships (Young, 2014). This however should not be taken as that the griever by accomplishing the task is dishonoring the memory of the deceased individual or that the griever loves him less. This task helps the griever to be balanced by simply recognizing the fact that there are many other people who also need them as well as many others which they should also love or are capable of loving (Charlotte Gepphart, 2010). One should also need to discuss the strength as well as the weakness of the model. Many others researchers often provide positive review of the model as they state that it is a very flexible model as this model allows the griever to move backward or forward in the task. By this statement, the researchers mainly wanted to say that all the tasks do not need to be occurred in the same sequence like that mentioned and that one can jump forward or backward through the tasks. However, it is true that it is advantageous for the grievers to complete one task before the completion of the next task for the best outcomes. Moreover, Worden has also stated that during the course of lifetime, many of the tasks may sometimes need to be revisited for the best completion of the stages of mourning (Bugglas, 2010). However, the negative aspect is that none of the models on grief and mourning are proved to be cent-percent valid and develop the best outcomes. Many researchers have found many positive evi dences for the benefitting of the model but there are also many researchers whose evidences go against the utility of the models. Many grievers complain to remain stuck within a particular model for many days and panic as they cannot complete the task and cannot proceed further in the task. Moreover, as the model does not set any timeframes, often it is found that grievers remain shifting form one task to another unable to finally come out of the model successfully or may require high time which affects quality life (Currier et al., 2015. Hence, from the entire essay, it can be concluded loss of loved one often result an individual to develop grief and bereavement. These in turn may lead to physical disorders and mental health may also be compromised. The individuals may withdraw them completely from their social life. All these may affect their quality of life making them enveloped in pain, distress, stress and despair. Hence, following the Wordens theory model of mourning may provide great guidance to the grievers. They may undertake the four important tasks successfully to overcome their present feeling of pain and loss and develop their life for betterment and enjoy a quality life once aga. References: Ayers, T. S., Wolchik, S. A., Sandler, I. N., Twohey, J. L., Weyer, J. L., Padgett-Jones, S., ... Kriege, G. (2014). The Family Bereavement Program: Description of a theory-based prevention program for parentally-bereaved children and adolescents.OMEGA-Journal of Death and Dying,68(4), 293-314. Buglass, E. (2010). Grief and bereavement theories.Nursing Standard,24(41), 44-47. Cholette, M., Gephart, S. M. (2012). A Model for the Dynamics of Bereavement Caregiving.International Journal of Childbirth Education,27(2). Currier, J. M., Irish, J. E., Neimeyer, R. A., Foster, J. D. (2015). Attachment, continuing bonds, and complicated grief following violent loss: testing a moderated model.Death studies,39(4), 201-210. Domingo, P. S., Caal, M. V., Labine, A. G., Capoquian, T. V. (2016). Bereavement, Emotional Stress and Coping Mechanism among Teacher Education Students of Samar State University: College Bereavement Study.International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Studies,3(6). Hagman, G. (Ed.). (2016).New Models of Bereavement Theory and Treatment: New Mourning. Routledge. Hall, C. (2014). Bereavement theory: recent developments in our understanding of grief and bereavement.Bereavement Care,33(1), 7-12. Larson, D. G. (2014). Taking Stock: Past Contributions and Current Thinking on Death, Dying, and Grief: A review of Beyond Kbler-Ross: New Perspectives on Death, Dying and Grief edited by Kenneth J. Doka and Amy S. Tucci. Washington, DC: Hospice Foundation of America, 2011. 156 pp.(ISBN: 9781893349131). Maddrell, A. (2016). Mapping grief. A conceptual framework for understanding the spatial dimensions of bereavement, mourning and remembrance.Social Cultural Geography,17(2), 166-188. Milman, E., Neimeyer, R. A., Gillies, J. (2015). Meaning of Loss Codebook (MLC).Techniques of Grief Therapy: Assessment and Intervention, 51. Parkes, C. M., Prigerson, H. G. (2013).Bereavement: StReferences:way, J. D. (2016).Deathscapes: Spaces for death, dying, mourning and remembrance. Routledge. Smit, C. (2015). Theories and models of grief: Applications to professional practice.Whitireia Nursing Health Journal, (22), 33. Spuij, M., Dekovic, M., Boelen, P. A. (2015). An open trial of Grief?Help: A cognitivebehavioural treatment for prolonged grief in children and adolescents.Clinical Psychology Psychotherapy,22(2), 185-192. Stroebe, M., Schut, H. (2016). Overload: A missing link in the dual process model?.OMEGA-Journal of Death and Dying,74(1), 96-109. Wilson, S. (2003). Lost realities: Sandra Wilson learned more about grief and dementia after reading a continuing professional development article.Nursing Standard,17(37), 26-26. Young, H. (2017). Overcoming barriers to grief: supporting bereaved people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.International Journal of Developmental Disabilities,63(3), 131-137.

The Olmec Civilization Essays - Mesoamerica,

The Olmec Civilization The Olmec were Mesoamerica's first civilization. They were located in Laguna de los Cerros, tres Zapotes, San Lorenzo, La Venta, and the Tuxtla Mountains, in Mexico. The purpose of this report is to show how the Olmec lived, their beliefs, and their spectacular art. The Olmec were a mother culture to later civilizations. The culture of the Olmec started in Mexico's Gulf Coast between 1200 and 1400 B.C , approximately between the Trojan war, and the golden age of Athens, and ended about 3000 years ago. The Olmec were among the first Americans to design ritual centres and raise earthen pyramids. On the pyramids there were statues which were strategically placed as a shrine. As the Olmec culture gradually developed some Olmec villages grew strong and powerful, while others were less fortunate. The villages shared their resources, such as rubber and basalt. The Olmec had different social ranks, from workers such as fishers, farmers, traders and specialists such as artisans and sculptors, to rulers. Rulers were individuals who had the power to float basalt down the river and to commission colossal statues and other public work. The Olmec farmed and ate corn. They also ate shellfish, fish, turtles, beans, deer, and dog. Perhaps the most spectacular trait of the Olmec were that they used hieroglyphs. They used hieroglyphs to record dates, events, and to tell stories. Although the Olmec were hard workers they still had time for a ceremonial ball game. The Olmec had many beliefs. Among these beliefs were chaneques which were dwarf trixters who lived in water falls. They also had their own beliefs in cosmology. The Olmec had natural shrines devoted to the hill on which the shrine was located and the water. The Olmec were believed to have a corn god. Jaguars were also worshipped religiously, perhaps because the jaguar was the most powerful predator. The Olmec believed that the jaguar brought rain. The men would sacrifice blood to the jaguar, wear masks, dance, and crack whips to imitate the sound of thunder. This ritual was done in May. The Olmec also made offerings of jade figures to the jaguar. The Olmec had early achievements in art. Perhaps the most incredible findings from the Olmec culture are the sculptures. The Olmec used wood, basalt and jade to make the statues. The wooden artifacts are said to be the oldest in Mesoamerica. The Olmec used basalt to make colossal heads. The size of these heads ranged from 5 feet to 11 feet tall. Some say the heads represent sacrificial offering. Others think they portray the elite Olmec ancestors. These heads have also been interpreted as being warriors or ball players. Basalt was also used to carve thrones. The Olmec used art to glorify rulers by making them monuments of super natural creatures to portray them such as part human, part beast. The beast was usually the jaguar. It is believed that these monuments were annihilated after the death of the leader. The figurines made of jade were small and sexless. Some of the more elaborate statues wore extensive headdress with a long train, and rectangular chest plates, sat cross-legged, leaned forward and looked straight ahead. In conclusion the Olmec, Mesoamerica's first civilization were a mother culture to other civilizations. They had many beliefs, and had early achievements in elaborate art. The article, "New light on the Olmec," was an interesting article but it was very repetitive. It is scarcely recommended.

Crapulence Doesnt Mean That

Crapulence Doesnt Mean That Crapulence Doesnt Mean That Crapulence Doesnt Mean That By Maeve Maddox A reader called my attention to a sentence in which these words appeared: a cesspool of its own crapulence I turned to my browser and found so many examples of wallowing in their/his/its own crapulence that I conclude that the expression has already become a clichà ©. Apparently a lot of people imagine that crapulence means excrement. Columnist Jonah Goldberg thinks so: Two decades of crapulence by the political class has been prologue to the era of coprophagy that is now upon us. It is crap sandwiches for as far as the eye can see. Actually, crapulence and its related forms crapulent and crapulous, come from a Latin word meaning intoxication. and have to do with drunkenness. crapulence: great intemperance especially in drinking Merriam-Webster crapulence: 1. Sickness or indisposition resulting from excess in drinking or eating; 2. Gross intemperance, esp. in drinking; debauchery. OED crapulous: sick from too much drinking, from L. crapula, from Gk. kraipale hangover, drunken headache, nausea from debauching. The Romans used it for drunkenness itself. English has used it in both senses. Online Etymology Dictionary The vulgarism crap, on the other hand, is used as a noun to mean excrement, and as a verb to mean defecate. Merriam-Webster gives the etymology of crap as: Middle English, from Middle Dutch crap, crappe pork chop, greaves [cracklings], grain in chaff, from crappen to tear or break off The use of crap with excremental associations has been in the language since the 19th century. The Online Etymology Dictionary indicates that crap belongs to a cluster of words generally applied to things cast off or discarded (e.g. weeds growing among corn (1425), residue from renderings (1490s) dregs of beer or ale The OEtyD entry concludes that the word probably comes from the Middle English word crappe, grain that was trodden underfoot in a barn. In case the meaning of coprophagy in the quotation above is not evident from the context, heres the definition from Merriam-Webster: coprophagy: the feeding on or eating of dung or excrement that is normal behavior among many insects, birds, and other animals but in man is a symptom of some forms of insanity Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Has vs. HadRules for Capitalization in Titles6 Foreign Expressions You Should Know

Volswagen in the United States Case study Essay

Volswagen in the United States Case study - Essay Example The purpose of this paper is to analyze Volkswagens American operations, examine the effects of globalization on Volkswagen, and to describe the strategies that Volkswagen has developed in order to improve its position in the US. The paper is divided into three sections. The first section provides brief literature review on globalization within the context of the automotive industry wherein VW operates. This will be followed by background information on Volkswagen’s global operations, with a particular emphasis on its operations in America. The second section discusses globalization and the issues affecting Volkswagen with respect to its promotion and distribution strategies. The final section explores the international structure most appropriate for VW based on its current position in the world market. At its most fundamental, globalisation refers to the world as one big market and source of information. It is characterised by a free flow of goods, people and information around the world, an internationalization of economic processes and the emergence of world markets (Lemoine, W. and Dagnaes, L., 2002). Consequently globalization has given rise to new concepts such as global industries, organizations and strategies used to market and sell global products, brands and services. A global industry has been defined as ‘an industry in which the strategic positions of competitors in major geographic or national markets are fundamentally affected by their overall operations’ (Porter, 1980, p.275). The automotive industry has been recognized as a global industry in the sense that business activities or transactions made by a multinational automotive enterprise would not likely follow the business model from its host country. Shimokawa (1999) pointed out that these activities would include: On the one hand, an organization may generally be considered as global when it ‘operates in more than one country and captures R&D, production,

Arbitrage Pricing Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Arbitrage Pricing Theory - Essay Example To be able to show the problems, I make use of the study done by Lehman and Modest (1985), which come up into three conclusions. The analysis of Lehman and Modest was able to show that one of the problems in determining the factor for asset pricing is the proper or the correct use of procedure. Lehman and Modest opposed Fama-Macbeth in using the maximum likelihood analysis in determining the factors. Another study included in this paper is the one done by Enrico Altay (2003) using the Germany and Turkish stock exchange. In his study he uses the Fama-Macbeth maximum likelihood analysis. This causes the difference in the result. Therefore, in analysing the stock exchange one should be aware of the models and theory being used. The arbitrage pricing theory may encounter several problems especially in analyzing the factors. The macroeconomic factors may affect the outcome in pricing the asset. The analysis in which the best portfolio perform best remains. The arguments are presented in the later part of the paper. Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT), is a general theory of asset pricing. It holds the expected return of a financial asset that can be modelled as a linear function of various macro-economic factors or theoretical market indices, where sensitivity to changes in each factor is represented by a factor specific beta coefficient. This theory was initiated by the economist Stephen Ross in 1976. The The Arbitrage Pricing Theory establishes an equilibrium pricing relation between each asset's expected return and all others. In analyzing the theory, we must first discuss the covariance matrix and the portfolio risk. There are several method in estimating covariance matrix one can be by using the simple volatility estimator (Garman-Klass, 1980) or with GARCH estimators (Engle,1982; Bollerslev, 1986). Another method is that, assuming the drivers of volatility is known the historical data can be estimated if the variables are picking and the relation between each driver and each stock are identified. Portfolio return is the weighted average of the individual asset returns, using the portfolio holdings as weighs. The portfolio risk is the weighted sum of the individual asset variances and covariances with all other assets, using as weights the squared portfolio weights. Portfolio risk is its weights the squared portfolio weights. The original return units can be used to compute variance. The portfolio risk is usually reported as the square root of the variance, the volatility of portfolio returns. To compute for the portfolio risk we must collect the return variances and covariances in a table - the "covariance matrix". We must identify the portfolio holdings weights and apply the portfolio risk formula - a function dubbed a quadratic form by mathematics. The portfolio analysis is important in correlating with the common factors in showing the validity of the APT. The APT based on Ross (1976) takes the view that there is no single way to measure systematic risk. The risks arise from the unanticipated changes in the following fundamental economic variables: 1. Investor confidence 2. Interest rate 3. Inflation 4. Real Business Activity 5. A market index Each stock and portfolio has exposures or betas with respect to each of these systematic risks. Risk Exposure Profile is the pattern of economic betas for a stock or portfolio. The profile indicated how a stock or portfo

Report on recruitment and selection processes Assignment - 3

Report on recruitment and selection processes - Assignment Example ort involves a comparison of the two versions of the selection and recruitment policies included in the 2000 policy guidelines and the 2010 policy guidelines of the company. The report is suitably concluded by providing recommendations regarding the changes which may be necessary for improving the overall process of the recruitment and selection policies of Healthcare United. It can be identified from the comparison that there are significant ways in which the 2010 policies can be improved. The main recommendations given are that the time related to all the procedures must be made more flexible, the involved personnel should be made task oriented, documentation process should be made short and simple and support and training should be more task related. Healthcare United operates in the domain of healthcare and is one of the leading healthcare providers in Australia. Healthcare United is an advanced organization in terms of strategic planning and human resource management. The company has always tries to employ the best possible human resources available in the domain of healthcare. The company is an equal opportunity and unbiased employer which has helped to maintain a sustainable and ethical image over the years of its operation. The company employs 1500 healthcare professionals who work in two sites of the company. One of the sites of Healthcare United is located in Victoria and the other is located in NSW. The company has recently drafted a new strategic plan that it aims to implement while opening up another office in a new location. The selected location is Hobart in Australia itself. In this situation, it is significant for the company to compare the effectiveness of the new guidelines with that of the old guidelines. With m ore than 1500 employees working in different sites of the company and with the company planning to open up a new office in another area, it has become of imminent importance to create well-defined and functional recruitment and selection

Pressure Distribution of Cylinder in Wind Tunnel

Pressure Distribution of Cylinder in Wind Tunnel This lab delved into the concepts of fluid mechanics to calculate the drag coefficient of airflow around a smooth cylinder resulting from variations in pressure distribution. An apparatus consisting of a wind tunnel, pitot-tube, rotatable cylinder, and well-inclined manometer were used to conduct the experiment. Airflow generated by the wind tunnel was the driving factor, causing a measurable pressure difference around the cylinder. The well-inclined manometer was used to measure this varying pressure at ten degree intervals around the rotating cylinder, while the pitot-tube was utilized to measure free-stream velocity. After measuring and recording the necessary data for three different air speeds, calculations were made to determine Reynolds Number (Re), coefficient of pressure (Cp), and coefficient of drag (Cd). The resulting plots of Cp vs. Theta (angle of pressure measurement around cylinder) were consistent with the shape of the graph for laminar flow found within the text, ind icating separation at about 75-80 degrees. The plot of Cd vs. Re was also successful considering our Cd showed a small increase and a slight decrease over the range of Reynolds values (remaining more or less constant). This result is consistent with the figure provided from the Fluid Mechanics text, as it is clear that Cd remains relatively steady for a smooth circular cylinder for the range 1000 Objective: The objective of this lab was: 1. To measure the pressure distribution around a circular cylinder placed in a rectangular crossà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ section wind tunnel, and to calculate the drag force based on the pressure measurements. 2. To Compare the measured pressure and drag force with the values calculated using the potential flow theory. Introduction: Because fluid matter is so abundant and plays such a significant role in science, fluid mechanics is a large area of study for scientists and engineers. One aspect of particular interest is in studying how fluids flow over different objects. Understanding this concept is crucial to solving problems that impact the modern world, such as atmospheric flight and automobile design (to name a few). By using a wind-tunnel, a smooth cylinder, and a few measuring devices to aid us, we were able to formulate a basis of experimental knowledge with which to observe fluid flow over an object made relatable by the parameters of pressure, drag, and Reynolds Number. Differing flow speeds allowed us further opportunity to compare and contrast the observations and calculations made relating to these parameters. In order to fully accomplish the objectives of this lab and report, background and theory concerning fluid mechanics must first be introduced to provide core, foundational knowledge. This knowledge is expanded upon by dictating the necessary equipment requirements to conduct the lab. From there, the experimental procedure is outlined to allow for reproducibility of the lab by the reader should the need arise. Finally, an analytical approach is used to examine the overall results of the lab as performed before generating several conclusions and recommendations for the future. Background Theory: The background of the experiment is to calculate the drag coefficient in a controlled environment using a wind tunnel, a rotating cylindrical object, pitot tube, and an inclined manometer. When developing the drag coefficient values it is important to specify the reference area (cylindrical object) used to develop the drag coefficient value. This value is valuable to engineers in developing models for many different aspects, such as, cars, airplanes, and many other areas as fluids affects just about everything. Fluid consists of air, water, gas which are Newtonian Fluids and in this experiment air was used to understand the effects experimentally with a rotating cylindrical object and checking the values on a manometer at 10 degree intervals at 3 different speeds low, medium, and high. Figure 1 Airflow around Cylindrical Object (3) Theory: The pitot tube at the point that is hit in the central part has a velocity of zero (see figure 2 below) and point2 is known as stagnation point. From the Bernoulli equation this point can be calculated per [(p1/à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‹Å")+(u1^2/2)=(p2/à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‹Å")], which can be re-written as p2 = p1+(.5*à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‹Å"*u1^2). U1 = velocity, p1 p2 = pressure, à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‹Å" = density and for stagnation at point 2, u2 = 0 and z1 = z2. (3) Figure 2 Pitot Tube Point 1 2 (3) When using a pitot static tube also known as Prandtl tubes (see figure 3), which is used to measure the pressure difference. The tube is mounted in the wind tunnel so that the main hole along the axis direction through the tube is pointed in the direction of the fluid flow and other small holes are drilled on the outside of the tube perpendicular to main hole and kept separately. The small perpendicular holes are considered the static pressure and the main hole is the total pressure (pressure of flow static) used in the Bernoulli equation. Figure 3 Pitot Static Tube (3) The manometer are used to measure the pressure and is one of the oldest measurement devices. There are different types of manometers that can be used, such as, the U-tube, Inclined, Reservoir, and Float types. For this experiment an inclined manometer is used so that the pressure changes can be read easier and has an increased sensitivity level compared to the others. (Equations for the Manometer) (3) (Note The scale of the installed manometer in this setup reads h directly, so you do not need to multiply it by sin ÃŽÂ ¸) Figure 4 Typical Inclined Manometer (3) Drag force on a circular cylinder in a stream of flow per Figure 5, 6, 7 below shows that the flow past a cylinder will go through several transitions based on the velocity. In this experiment as the cylindrical object rotates the fluid flow changes within the same velocity and delivers different values and is repeated between 3 different velocities and then compared. Figure 5 Separation of air flow around cylindrical object (3) Figure 6 Typical graph for separation of airflow (3) (a) Laminar Flow separates at about 80 °, CD = 0.5 (b) Turbulent flow separates at 120 °, CD = 0.2 Figure 7 Graph of separation of airflow around an object (3) (a) Laminar Flow separates at about 80 °, CD = 0.5 (b) Turbulent flow separates at 120 °, CD = 0.2 Equipment: The equipment used for this experiment were: 1. A rectangular crossà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ section wind tunnel. 2. An adjustable air blower responsible of pumping the air throughout the wind tunnel. 3. A rotatable circular cylinder placed across the whole height of the tunnel. 4. A pitotà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ tube to allow measurement of free stream air velocity. 5. A honeyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ section to achieve a uniform flow across the tunnel. 6. A wellà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ inclined manometer to measure pressure around the cylinder. Procedure: Starting the experiment after reading the parameters of and required steps in the experiment we had to set a baseline for a further measurement in this experiment. This was done by taking readings for the inclined manometer, href used it this experiment with no added flow from the fan at ambient pressure. All measurements were recorded by two measurement takers and only dispute on a measurement was decided by a third party. Next the blower was turned on to slowest of the the three speeds to be used and reading was allowed some time to stabilize. The valve lever was then rotated to the horizontal position to record the manometer reading for the pitot tube which was lowered to be the same height as the hole in the cylinder. A manometer measurement was recorded for the pitot tube at this position. Following this, the valve handle was rotated to the vertical position and the pitot tube returned to its original position at the top of the apparatus in order to read the pressure around the cylinder. The cylinder was rotated to the zero degree position and that reading should, in principle, be the same as huà ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¾. The next stage of the experiment was to rotate the cylinder to the 10 degree position, re-read the manometer and record that value. The Άh now represented (href h), where h was the current reading on the manometer from the pressure probe connected to the hole in the cylinder. This process was repeated for the -10 degree position and then for the positive 20 degree, -20 degree position and so on for the rest of the experiment increasing by 10 degrees and the same increase for the negative direction. All of the data collected was put in an excel spreadsheet for every 10 degrees around the cylinder and its corresponding negative value as well. for the next part of the experiment we completed these same steps for the other two required blower speeds of medium and high with all the data logged in another book of the same spreadsheet Data Sheet: Results and Analysis: Because this lab was aimed to determine the drag force by measuring the pressure distribution and compare them to the actual results, we found that the drag forces are generated by the aero-dynamical resistance. Measurements of static pressure coefficient on the cylinder surface were used to determine the drag coefficient by adjusting the wind speeds at low, medium and high velocities and recording the respective values. Our experimental data was set to observe, collect data and analyze the accuracy of the appearing drag forces, FD the drag, CD and pressure, Cp coefficients at various pressure distributions of different angles and the Reynolds Numbers, Re. Results are presented in figures 10, 11 12 Figure 10: Drag force for 1.673 in. diameter of cylinder This figure above gives us an understanding of the relationship between the drag force and the wind speeds at various velocities. We can assume from the graph that the drag force becomes greater by increasing wind speeds. Figure 11: Drag coefficient at different Reynolds Number The figure shows surface pressure coefficient distributions at three Reynolds numbers compared with a theoretical distribution on the left computed assuming unbounded potential flow. If you observe the theoretical distribution on smooth circular cylinder, it shows us that the curve is exponentially decreasing as it comes to an equilibrium state within the Reynolds numbers range. But calculated distribution has a slight linear increase in the pressure coefficient and the Reynold numbers increase. The unexpected form of the pressure distribution on the cylinder may be partly explained by three dimensionality in the flow. The big difference between the measured and the theoretical value cannot be explained, but it was found, that the inlet velocity in front of the cylinder has a strong influence on the determined drag coefficient. Maybe a velocity measurement with a pitot tube in front of the cylinder would bring better results for the drag coefficient. Figure 12: Pressure coefficient of different angels The above graphs show a theoretical figure on the left and an experimented figure on the right. In the experiment we recorded the static and surface pressures of a cylinder having a diameter of 1.673 in and 6 in long. We rotated a built in protractor in 10 degree interval for readings over 00 to  ±1800. The experimental data of pressure coefficient, Cp obtained under the various angels of incidence for different conditions of low, medium and high velocities. We can observe from the two graphs that the curves are similar in shape. However, the high and medium curves turned out to be slightly similar. The slight error is quite visible comparing the two graphs but this can be caused due to various experimental situations. The pressure and velocity measurements with the pitot tubes are influenced by a chain of errors. Most of the measurement set-ups are linked: sensors, transducers and data acquisition systems. Each part of the system is influencing the measurements and adds a dev iation. The signal chain is going through a lot of steps for the Pitot tube: It starts with the Pitot tube themselves, which e.g. influences the flow. The pressure is transduced to an analogue electrical signal, which is conducted and transformed to a digital signal in the data acquisition system. These signals are set into account with the alcohol manometer data. The manometer is subjected to reading, adjustment and surface tension of liquids deviation. In the following a deviation estimation is done for the manometer. Pitot tubes are in general suitable to measure turbulent flows, but the output can be wrong or different, if the flow is highly turbulent and contains back flows. Also flows that hit the Pitot tube from the side or in big angles can induce lower measured velocities.From the appropriate formulas for calculating and plotting the coefficient of pressure Cp to determine the drag coefficient, Cd the above graphs shows us that: At elevated speeds the anticipated amount of lift and speed must be lower. Greater wind speed resulted in a larger speed coefficient The pressure on the circular cylinder seems to be higher at increased wind speeds from low to medium to high. We could presumably say that this is consistent with the theoretical aspect of flight control and aerodynamics. Note: The estimations of the quantities in dependency of the wind velocity, drag force and Reynolds Numbers are found on the attached excel file data sheets. Conclusion and Recommendations: This lab was successful in introducing and utilizing a variety of statistical concepts and their uses in describing data. Using the statistical analysis tools shown in this experiment were very helpful in organizing the data, identifying any outliers, being able to show trends and compare them. Understanding of key concepts such as drag and how it affects any design or system is very important. The two key components of the momentum suffered by the fluid, air, is this system are skin friction and form drag. Both of these interrupt the ideal laminar of the fluid. At the front of the cylinder the pressure is about equal to the stagnation pressure and, from there, start to accelerate further around the curved surface the readings are taken. This acceleration causes a drop in pressure relative to the position on the cylinder. These readings do accelerate until about 90/ 270 degrees from 0/180 degrees then the pressure slowly if not exactly linearly until it then levels off as the flow be comes more turbulent. All of the data that we collected in this experiment seems to support this conclusion at each of the three measured speeds.

Free Great Gatsby Essays: A Very Insecure Gatsby :: Great Gatsby Essays

The Very Insecure Great Gatsby  Ã‚   In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby many characters are not as they seem.   The one character that intrigues me the most is James Gatsby.   In the story Gatsby is always thought of as rich, confident, and very popular.   However, when I paint a picture of him in my mind I see someone very different.   In fact, I see the opposite of what everyone portrays him to be.   I see someone who has very little confidence and who tries to fit in the best he can.   There are several scenes in which this observation is very obvious to me.   It is clear that Gatsby is not the man that everyone claims he is.    One scene that clearly shows the true Gatsby is when he meets Daisy at Nicks house.   He is very nervous and wants everything to be perfect for Daisy.   To me that shows he is really hung up on what other people think.   He wants to impress them the best he can.   Obviously Gatsby has little confidence and feels he needs to overwhelm people with appearance opposed to his personality. When Gatsby and Nick go out on the town Gatsby took his yellow Rolls Royce, which is a magnificent car.   Gatsby wanted to impress Nick and everyone else in town with his awesome car.   Once again this shows how Gatsby uses objects to get attention and not his personality. The scene that displays Gatsby’s  low confidence the most is when he has his elaborate parties with all of the fancy decorations and incredible food.   So many people come to his parties and the whole time he is never present.   He never comes down to greet anyone or welcome them.   He never comes down to check on his guests to see how things are going and if they are having a good time.   Gatsby always spends time in a room by himself watching everyone.   He waits, hoping Daisy will appear. Gatsby is built up to be a big man.   He is thought of as extremely wealthy and good looking with lots of confidence.